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              <idno type="doi">10.20870/revforfr.2020.5339</idno>
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            <langUsage>
              <language ident="fr">French</language>
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              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sde">Environmental Sciences</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_7416">genetic evolution</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_2127">silviculture</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_11564">climate change</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_8373">ecosystem</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_13935">chemicophysical property</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
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              <p>Adaptation is a major stake of forest management in the climate change context The genetic diversity of forest trees confers them a huge – yet not boundless – adaptive potential Taking evolutionary mechanisms into account in adaptive forest management practices will reinforce the capacity of managed forests to respond to climate-induced changes and hazards By laying the emphasis on forests under natural regeneration conditions,we propose a general conceptual framework that includes knowledge on these mechanisms in decision- making processes, in a silvicultural approach through and for evolution This general framework will encompass diverse and complex local situations by relying on knowledge of local contexts from forest managers. We developed a simple analysis grid based on a small number of parameters characterising evolutionary mechanisms to understand the impact of silvicultural practices on the genetic diversity dynamics and the maintenance of the evolutionary potential of forest tree populations After recalling the current state of knowledge on the evolutionary mechanisms of forest trees, we examined the expected effects of current or innovative silvicultural practices on these mechanisms To illustrate the complexity of these interacting mechanisms, we further studied the evolutionary consequences of biotic interactions and of interactions in a highly heterogeneous environment Silviculture through and for evolution can contribute to the adaptation of forests to climate change This will require combining short-term and long-term objectives We further propose lines ofresearch and experimentation to support this approach.</p>
            </abstract>
            <abstract xml:lang="fr">
              <p>L’adaptation est un enjeu majeur de la gestion forestière dans le contexte du changement climatique La diversité génétique qui caractérise les arbres forestiers leur confère un potentiel adaptatif très important mais pas illimité Prendre en compte les mécanismes de l’évolution dans les pratiques de gestion forestière adaptative renforcera la capacité des forêts gérées à répondre aux changements et aux aléas induits par le climat. En mettant l’accent sur le cas des forêts en régénération naturelle, nous proposons un cadre conceptuel général permettant d’intégrer la connaissance de ces mécanismes dans la prise de décision, dans une démarche de sylviculture par et pour l’évolution Ce cadre général pourra être décliné dans des situations locales diverses et complexes en s’appuyant sur la connaissance du contexte qu’ont les gestionnaires forestiers Nous développonsune grille d’analyse simple, basée sur un petit nombre de paramètres caractérisant les mécanismes de l’évolution, pour comprendre l’impact des pratiques sylvicoles sur la dynamique de la diversité génétique et le maintien du potentiel d’évolution des populations d’arbres forestiers Après avoir rappelé l’état des connaissances sur les mécanismes de l’évolution chez les arbres forestiers, nous examinons les effets attendus de pratiques forestières actuelles ou innovantes sur ces mécanismes Pour illustrer la complexité des mécanismes en interaction, nous développons plus en détail les conséquences évolutives des interactions biotiques et celles d’un environnement fortement hétérogène La sylviculture par et pour l’évolution peut contribuer à l’adaptation des forêts au changement climatique Elle nécessite de combiner des objectifs à court et à long terme Nous proposons des pistes de recherche et d’expérimentation pour accompagner cette démarche.</p>
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          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
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              <addrLine>INRAE Domaine Saint-Paul - Site Agroparc 228 route de l'Aérodrome CS40509 84914 AVIGNON CEDEX 9</addrLine>
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            <ref type="url">https://www6.paca.inra.fr/ecologie_des_forets_mediterraneennes</ref>
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          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
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